Columbus Bed Bug Infestation Solutions - The Facts

The Ultimate Guide To Columbus Bed Bug Infestation Solutions


This will certainly eliminate all bed bugs in the space and avoid them from returning for at the very least 6 months. Even though warmth treatment for bed bugs expenses are fairly low, they are not 100% reliable, so they must be made use of together with various other chemical treatments or vacuuming techniques. Chemical therapies like Temprid SC job by passing through cracks and gaps where bed pests conceal, killing any type of that are available in call with it within 24 hours.




Columbus bed bug infestation solutionsColumbus bed bug infestation solutions
The ordinary cost of bed pest chemicals is for specialist therapies and as much as for DIY therapies. The therapy cost depends on what kind of pesticide is made use of, just how lots of spaces require to be dealt with, and if there are any type of problems with furnishings or other items that need to be relocated during the therapy procedure.


The typical cost of this solution is per area, relying on the size of the area being fumigated. The dimension of the area figures out the cost of fumigating bed pests, the variety of areas, kind, and dimension of cracks, availability to the room, age, and problem of building materials, and ease of access to creep areas or attic rooms.




The Ultimate Guide To Columbus Bed Bug Infestation Solutions


It entails making use of a cleaner or iron to create steam and splashing it onto the infested area. The steam kills the bed bugs by preparing them from within their safety covering while still to life, which takes regarding three minutes. This therapy technique doesn't call for any type of chemicals, however it may be pricey due to the fact that you need a cleaner or an iron to do this work.




 


It can set you back anywhere from which is fairly pricey for some individuals. The cost of steam-treating bed bugs will rely on the size of the location being dealt with and the type of product being dealt with. It will likewise depend on whether or not there is a professional involved in the procedure.


There are 2 methods of warm treatment: whole-house warm treatment or spot treatments. Bed insect warm treatment costs are more expensive than place treatments, but they're also much more reliable. The typical price for an entire house treatment is, but it can increase to depending upon the dimension of your home and the amount of spaces need treatment.




Columbus bed bug infestation solutionsColumbus bed bug infestation solutions

 



The process takes about 12 hours. Throughout this time, the temperature level needs to be kept at or below -4 F for about 8 hours or at or listed below -18 F for about 4 hours.




More About Columbus Bed Bug Infestation Solutions


It is one of the most effective techniques to eliminate all the bed bugs in your house, and it costs around $500 per space Different therapies will certainly work far better for different sorts of bed bugs. visit this website It would certainly be best to obtain a professional opinion before selecting a therapy plan.


If you have a little problem, one treatment might be enough to eliminate the bed bugs. Nevertheless, if you have a severe infestation, it might take greater than one treatment to do away with the bed pests. Bed insects are challenging to deal with due to the fact that they are excellent at hiding, and they can live for months without feeding upon human blood.


The price of bed bug treatment varies by extent and what kind of treatment is needed. The expense arrays from or more depending upon the severity of the invasion and what type of treatment is needed. Bed bug therapies vary based on severity and range from as low as to greater than, relying on the sort of treatment made use of.




The Best Guide To Columbus Bed Bug Infestation Solutions


The very best method to learn just how much it will cost you is by seeing your neighborhood pest control firm and inquiring concerning their bed insect treatments - Columbus bed bug infestation solutions. Low-severity therapies include eliminating the plagued products from the home or space and treating the surrounding locations with an insecticide spray or powder to kill any pests that might still exist


Washing products in warm water. Wrapping infested try this site things in sticky traps (a device covered with the adhesive that captures insects). Insect control business provide a variety of insect control solutions, yet not all are needed for each home. For instance, if you stay in an apartment or rental home, the property manager typically deals with pest control.


Lots of people do not understand that a number of added bug services can be contributed to any kind of job. As an example, some firms supply rat control solutions and termite inspections as component of their common bundle. These added solutions can add a substantial amount to your task price if you don't plan and include them in your initial budget.


The size of the infestation is one variable. The extent of the infestation is another. Whether or not you decide for an expert elimination solution can dramatically differ in both cost and time expenditure. The average cost for a mouse treatment is between, with a typical time expense of 3 hours.




The Definitive Guide for Columbus Bed Bug Infestation Solutions




The average cost of computer mouse and rat treatment in the United States is. Roaches can be a significant problem in a home. They can create illness and damages to the home. On top of that, they are infamously hard to eliminate, numerous individuals locate themselves in requirement of professional cockroach therapy. Columbus bed bug infestation solutions.


This is a rough estimate of the cost for a regular homeowner to eliminate cockroaches. This expense consists of labor and materials. The aspects that impact the cost include: The more treatments you require, the higher the price. The larger your home is, the a lot more it will cost to treat roaches.


Termites are just one of the most damaging bugs in The United States and Canada. They can cause serious architectural damage to your home and expense you countless bucks out of commission. Some business supply termite treatment completely free, but this is not constantly the case. In California, home owners need to pay for termite treatments themselves.




Columbus Bed Bug Infestation Solutions for Beginners


Ants are a typical insect that can be located in any kind of family. They can be challenging to get rid of, and the therapy process is not always inexpensive. The average ant therapy price is regarding for an average-sized home. Nevertheless, this price might differ relying on the dimension and kind of ants and the extent of the infestation.


WorkWave's bug control software is right here to help you manage your service done in one area. Do it yourself is an economical means to deal with bed bugs. It is more affordable Web Site than employing a specialist pest administration business, but the disadvantage is that it can take a lengthy time, and you may not be able to get rid of them all.

 

Rumored Buzz on Bed Bug Exterminator Columbus

Indicators on Bed Bug Exterminator Columbus You Need To Know


Insects can be extremely difficult to get rid of if you have an infestation. We're validating six ways to eliminate these pesky bugs. Bedbugs are tiny bloodsuckers that feed upon the blood of human beings and animals in the center of the night. They are not understood to spread out condition, vermins can be an annoyance and really challenging to regulate.




Our sources claim that clothing and other materials that are infested with insects must be cleaned and dried out at the greatest temperature level advised by the maker for at the very least 20 mins to an hour - https://gravatar.com/bedbugxtrmntr. If done appropriately, warmth therapy is just one of the most efficient ways to kill all stages of insects


Criterion warm water requires to be at the very least 60 degrees Celsius or 140 degrees Fahrenheit more or less," Floyd Shockley, Ph. D., an entomologist at the Smithsonian Establishment, told VERIFY. Given that insects are nocturnal, they typically conceal in the splits and gaps of cushions, couches, luggage and other dark areas throughout the day.




The Best Strategy To Use For Bed Bug Exterminator Columbus


The EPA says that heavy steam cleaners, both wet or completely dry, are able to enter the cracks and textiles where vermins may hide. Just see to it the steamer does not have a powerful airflow since it may trigger the bedbugs to spread. A towel or a diffuser can be used to prevent spreading.


These tests were done in enclosed containers where rubbing alcohol was used directly to the vermins. Professional exterminator. "Given that insects are superb hiders, making use of scrubing alcohol as a do it yourself therapy will possibly miss vermins that will after that proceed laying eggs and feeding upon blood. As a result, rubbing alcohol is not likely to control a whole bed bug invasion," Orkin claims


Due to this pesticide resistance, the Alaska Chemical Control Program claims that bedbugs frequently hide till the insecticide dries up and is no longer efficient or they relocate to neighboring locations that are not undertaking vermin control therapy.


They likewise utilize business pesticide items that call for unique tools and training to remove bedbugs. If you do choose to work with an insect control company, the New York State Division of Health and wellness claims that it is essential to make certain they have experience dealing with vermins. "Many insect control companies have actually started having people with experience treating vermins because they have actually seen a rise in their populace degrees in recent years," Shockley claimed.




The 3-Minute Rule for Bed Bug Exterminator Columbus


The resurgence of bed pests in American homes has caused several a sleepless night but not every little thing you hear holds true. Before you begin directing fingers at the reasons your home is ravaged or why you do or don't have a bed bugs trouble, know this: Entomologist Richard Pollack, Ph.




Bed Bug RemovalBed Bug Infestation Treatment

 



 


Yet while records of bed insects at theater and in retailers have actually made headings, it's uncommon that a person actually brings them home, claims Jody Gangloff-Kaufmann, an urban entomologist at Cornell University. Whether you have an unpleasant home or a neat home, bed pests only care that their food source, a. http://tupalo.com/en/users/6553082.k.a


Luckily, there's no proof they transmit diseases as they find here feed. The genuine risk: Itchy, red bites, which are the first indicator of an invasion. However, long-sleeved jammies won't protect you from bed insect attacks. Actually, that is just one of the tell-tale indicators of an infestation. "If you get up with countless attacks, especially under your clothing, it can be bed insects," claims David Dunham of Go Environment-friendly Insect Dogs.




Bed Bug Extermination CompanyBed Bug Removal
"It's usual for one person to become the host or the individual obtaining all the attacks, while their partner or partner will get no bites at all," he adds. "Normally the individual not obtaining bites will certainly reject their companion's issues. "The biggest mistake people make is waiting as well long to call for aid, because the longer the problem goes on, the larger of a chance they'll spread within the home and even outside of the home," Dunham says.detailing their training course of action, consisting of chemicals, catches, and/or heat therapies they'll utilize and exactly how and where they'll utilize them.


Asking the firm concerning their success price and if their therapy features a guarantee, should their efforts not be effective, is a must. particularly along and behind the head board and sides of the cushion. Bed bugs will certainly burrow in furniture, along walls, in fractures in walls and, yes, in beds.


While some bugs will die in the washing device, it's the warmth of the dryer that will certainly kill even more of them. At the very least 60 minutes on a high-heat setting ought to suffice, according to New York State Integrated Pest Monitoring. Immediately dispose of the made use of plastic bags and put clean clothes in brand-new ones.




The Ultimate Guide To Bed Bug Exterminator Columbus


Later on, put the infected vacuum cleaner bag in a tightly sealed bag and toss it away in an outside garbage bin. Caroline is an author and editor with almost a decade of experience.


Vermins are pests that feed on the blood of pets and humans. Adult vermins are reddish-brown, wingless, and about the size of an apple seed.

 

Efficient San Diego Pest Control: Say Goodbye to Unwanted Guests

Professional Insect Control Solutions: Claim Bye-bye to Unwanted Guests



Seeking specialist bug control solutions is not just a matter of comfort but a strategic decision towards safeguarding your home or business. From determining usual house bugs to carrying out tailored techniques, the realm of professional pest control solutions opens doors to effective and long lasting resolutions.




Significance of Expert Bug Control



san diego pest controlsan diego pest control
Expert insect control services play a vital function in maintaining the health and wellness of homes and organizations alike. Insect problems can present serious health and wellness risks to citizens, as bugs such as cockroaches, insects, and rats are recognized providers of various diseases. In addition, pests can infect food resources, leading to foodborne health problems and endangering the well-being of individuals.


Additionally, pests can cause physical damages to frameworks, furnishings, and personal belongings within a home, leading to costly fixings and substitutes. Termites, as an example, are notorious for creating extensive damages to wooden structures if left untreated. By engaging expert pest control solutions, homeowner can protect their investments and avoid such devastation.


Additionally, specialist pest control technicians are educated to recognize the sort of parasite infestation properly and determine one of the most reliable methods to remove them. They have the gain access to, understanding, and experience to specialized tools and therapies that are not easily offered to the general public (san diego pest control). This knowledge guarantees comprehensive parasite elimination and long-term avoidance, advertising a healthy and safe atmosphere for passengers




Typical House Vermin to Address



Offered the possible wellness risks and home damage related to insect problems, recognizing the usual household parasites that homeowner may encounter is important for efficient parasite control administration. Among the most widespread household parasites are ants, roaches, rodents, termites, and bed insects.




Ants, while normally safe, can contaminate food and cause architectural damage by nesting in walls. Rodents like computer mice and rats can eat through circuitry, insulation, and even wood frameworks while bring diseases that position threats to human wellness.




san diego pest controlsan diego pest control
Identifying these common family parasites promptly is essential for effective insect control steps. Professional parasite control solutions can assist homeowner attend to invasions promptly, apply precautionary procedures, and secure their homes from these unwanted guests.




Advantages of Employing Professionals



Ensuring efficient insect control administration and securing your residential or commercial property from possible wellness dangers and damage can be dramatically improved by leveraging the proficiency of expert insect control services. By enlisting the aid of trained specialists, you can gain from their thorough expertise of pest actions, biology, and effective therapy techniques. One crucial advantage of hiring professionals is their capability to precisely identify the sorts of pests infesting your building and customize a targeted option to attend to the specific problem. This tailored method not website here only makes certain an extra efficient obliteration procedure yet likewise helps avoid future invasions.




 


Furthermore, professional bug control solutions typically make use of safe and ecologically pleasant products that are not readily offered to the general public. This guarantees that the treatment methods utilized are efficient in eliminating parasites while minimizing any prospective harm to humans, animals, or the setting. Additionally, experts can offer useful suggestions on preventative procedures to assist you keep a pest-free environment in the long-term. Overall, buying specialist parasite control services offers peace of mind, convenience, and an extra sustainable service to taking care of bug invasions.




Pest Control Techniques and Methods



By harnessing an extensive understanding of parasite actions and biology, efficient insect control methods and approaches can be strategically carried out to deal with particular infestations. Integrated Parasite Administration (IPM) is an extensively recognized method that concentrates on reducing the usage of chemicals while still successfully taking care of parasites. san diego pest control. This technique entails extensive assessment and keeping track of to identify the kind and degree of invasion, followed by the execution of a targeted control approach that may consist of physical barriers, habitat adjustment, organic controls, and the careful application of chemical therapies when needed


An additional commonly used method is chemical control, which entails using chemicals to get rid of or deter pests. This technique needs to be utilized carefully and by qualified experts to minimize threats to humans, pets, and the environment. Mechanical control techniques, such as trapping and getting rid of insects, can also work, especially for bigger burglars like rats.




Keeping a Pest-Free Atmosphere



To promote a pest-free setting, positive measures have to be implemented continually to guard and protect against problems against possible parasite threats. Regular inspection of both the interior and outside of a residential or commercial property is important to find any kind of very early indications of insect activity. In addition, preserving a clutter-free setting minimizes concealing places for insects to prosper.




Final Thought



In verdict, professional insect control solutions play a vital role in eliminating unwanted guests from your home. By attending to usual household insects with professional methods and techniques, these solutions ensure a pest-free environment for your health. Hiring experts for bug control not only conserves time and initiative yet also supplies long-term advantages in keeping a healthy and balanced and sanitary living atmosphere. Bid farewell to pests with the article source assistance of skilled parasite control specialists.


From determining common house bugs to executing tailored techniques, the world of specialist bug control services opens doors to reliable and enduring resolutions.Additionally, specialist pest control technicians are educated to recognize the type of bug invasion properly and establish the most effective techniques to eradicate them.Guaranteeing effective pest control management and safeguarding your property from possible wellness threats and damage can be significantly boosted by leveraging the expertise of expert pest control solutions. In general, investing in professional pest control services provides tranquility of mind, benefit, and an extra sustainable service to taking care of pest invasions.


By utilizing an extensive understanding of insect actions and biology, reliable parasite control strategies and methods can be strategically applied navigate to this site to attend to details infestations.

 

Reliable Pest Control San Luis Obispo Techniques: Eliminating Pests forever

Specialist Pest Control Provider to Safeguard Your Home and Family Members



Making certain the security and wellness of your home and family is a leading concern for many homeowners. When it involves pest control, the experience of specialists can give a feeling of protection and assurance. By delegating the job of protecting your home to skilled professionals, you not just resolve present bug concerns effectively however additionally avoid possible future invasions. Specialist pest control solutions use a comprehensive approach that surpasses mere extermination, focusing on lasting solutions and proactive actions. The benefits of using expert services expand far past just getting rid of insects; they include creating a secure and healthy environment for your enjoyed ones.




Advantages of Expert Insect Control



 


Professional insect control solutions use vital advantages that are critical for maintaining a healthy and balanced and pest-free environment in your home. One substantial advantage is the proficiency that professional pest control technicians give the table. These experts are trained to recognize various kinds of parasites, their habits, and the most effective approaches to eradicate them. By leveraging their knowledge, you can be assured that your parasite problem will be dealt with successfully and effectively.


Additionally, expert insect control services make use of high-quality products and tools that are not usually offered to customers. This ensures that the therapy is powerful enough to eliminate parasites without posing a risk to your family members or animals. Furthermore, normal bug control therapies from experts can supply lasting security against insects, avoiding infestations before they even take place.


Moreover, specialist insect control solutions can conserve you time and initiative. Rather than investing hours researching and attempting DIY options that may not function, you can depend on specialists to look after the trouble promptly and reliably. On the whole, investing in specialist parasite control solutions can provide tranquility of mind, knowing that your home is safeguarded versus unwanted trespassers.




Common Home Vermin to Enjoy For



pest control san luis obispo pest control san luis obispo
When it pertains to keeping a pest-free home atmosphere, understanding typical family bugs is vital. Amongst one of the most widespread pests found in homes are ants, cockroaches, rodents, termites, and bed insects. Ants are usually attracted to food deposit and can promptly infest a kitchen area or kitchen. Cockroaches flourish in warm and humid settings, making shower rooms and kitchens their favored areas. Rats like computer mice and rats seek shelter inside your home throughout chillier months, positioning health and wellness risks and causing building damages. Termites are silent destroyers, eating wood and creating expensive structural damage. Bed bugs, notorious for their attacks and strength, can rapidly spread via a home through furnishings or clothes. Recognizing the indicators of these common pests, such as droppings, chewed cords, or skin irritabilities, is critical for early detection and punctual parasite control treatment. Routine evaluations, proper sanitation, and timely specialist insect control solutions are essential in safeguarding your home and family members from these unwanted trespassers.




Significance of Routine Parasite Inspections



Acknowledging the signs of usual family parasites is important for maintaining a pest-free home setting, making routine pest evaluations a crucial element of proactive pest administration methods. Regular insect evaluations are crucial for very see this here early detection of bug invasions, enabling punctual treatment to protect against considerable damage to your building. By performing regular evaluations, home owners can determine prospective entry factors, nesting locations, and signs of bug task before the scenario intensifies.


Additionally, see it here normal insect examinations add to the total wellness of your family members by guaranteeing a secure and healthy and balanced living atmosphere. Parasites not just position a risk to the architectural integrity of your home yet likewise lug conditions that can endanger your family members's wellness (pest control san luis obispo). Prompt recognition and reliable bug control measures via normal assessments can minimize these dangers, supplying satisfaction for you and your enjoyed ones




pest control san luis obispo pest control san luis obispo

Eco-Friendly Pest Control Solutions



Making sure eco lasting parasite control approaches is a concern for modern home owners looking for to shield their homes and family members from undesirable bugs. Eco-friendly parasite control remedies provide an efficient alternative to typical chemical-based treatments, reducing the impact on the setting while protecting your home.


Among the crucial advantages of green pest control is using all-natural ingredients that are safe for both human beings and animals. By making use of plant-based repellents, organic controls, and natural formulations, these approaches target parasites without positioning harm to the ecological community - pest control san luis obispo. Furthermore, eco-friendly options advertise biodiversity by maintaining helpful insects that add to a healthy environment


Integrated Insect Monitoring (IPM) is a popular environment-friendly approach that concentrates on avoidance, tracking, and control through eco sensitive techniques. By utilizing techniques such as environment modification, biological control representatives, and mechanical obstacles, IPM reduces using chemicals and promotes long-term pest avoidance.


Accepting eco-friendly bug control remedies not just protects your home and household yet also adds to a lasting future for generations to come.




Tips for Maintaining a Pest-Free Home



Applying positive bug prevention actions is crucial for keeping a pest-free home and making sure the health of your house. Deal with any kind of leaks to avoid moisture accumulation, which brings in parasites. Trim back bushes and trees he has a good point that are close to the residence to protect against simple gain access to for pests.




Another essential suggestion is to correctly get rid of waste in secured bins and get the trash regularly. Prevent leaving pet food out overnight and clean up any type of spills quickly. Consider mounting displays on doors and windows to prevent parasites from entering your home. Examine plans and things brought into your home for indicators of parasites before bringing them inside. By adhering to these simple yet effective ideas, you can maintain a pest-free atmosphere for your family to appreciate.




Verdict



In final thought, expert bug control solutions use various advantages to safeguard your home and family from common household insects. Green parasite control remedies are efficient in maintaining a pest-free atmosphere.

 

Comprehensive Pest Control Services: Keep Your Residential Property Pest-Free!

Important Pest Control Tips for a Healthy Living Atmosphere



In preserving a healthy living atmosphere, one critical element that commonly goes unnoticed works parasite control. Undesirable pests can not only be a hassle however also position serious health threats to homeowners. By executing strategic parasite control actions, you can develop a risk-free and hygienic area for you and your family. From easy methods to advanced methods, understanding and using these bug control ideas can make a significant distinction in the total health of your home.




Bed Bug Heat TreatmentBed Bug Dog

Inspect Your Home On A Regular Basis



Routinely inspecting your home is crucial for reliable pest control and maintaining a healthy and balanced living atmosphere. Start by taking a look at common entrance points such as splits, holes, and gaps around doors and windows where parasites like ants, spiders, and rats can enter. Evaluate dark and cluttered locations like cellars, attic rooms, and storage spaces where pests have a tendency to conceal.


Normal examinations not only assist in early parasite detection but likewise promote a tidy and orderly space. By addressing any kind of insect problems quickly, you can avoid damages to your property and minimize the danger of health and wellness worries connected with parasites. Stay attentive and positive in your house assessments to create a pest-free environment that adds to your overall well-being.




Get Rid Of Food Resources



To efficiently regulate pests and keep a healthy living environment, it is critical to remove all resources of food that may bring in unwanted pests and rats. Proper food storage space is key to stopping problems (bed bug treatment). Ensure all kitchen things are kept in airtight containers, including pet dog food. On a regular basis tidy up any type of spills or crumbs in the kitchen and dining locations, as even small fragments can be a food resource for insects.


Feed your pet dogs at assigned times and remove any kind of uneaten food quickly. Outdoor garbage containers ought to have tight-fitting lids to avoid accessibility to bugs.


It's likewise important to preserve a clean environment on the whole. By eliminating food sources, you can substantially minimize the possibility of parasites attacking your home and make sure a healthier living atmosphere for you and your household.




Seal Entrance Information



Guaranteeing the proper sealing of entry points is essential in preventing pests from accessing to your home and interrupting your living setting. Bugs such as rodents, pests, and various other undesirable intruders frequently locate their method right into homes with little openings and splits. To efficiently secure entry factors, start by checking the exterior of your home for any type of gaps around windows, doors, pipes, and vents. Usage caulk or weatherstripping to seal article these openings and stop bugs from entering. In addition, check for any holes or gaps in the foundation, wall surfaces, or roofing and repair them promptly.


These entrance factors can offer as very easy accessibility for parasites if not properly secured. By taking positive procedures to secure access points, you can substantially decrease the chance of pests attacking your living area and guarantee a much healthier setting for you and your family.




Maintain Cleanliness



Bed Bug Heat TreatmentBed Bug Heat Treatment
With entry factors efficiently sealed to stop More Info pests from infiltrating your home, the next critical action in maintaining a pest-free environment is upholding a high requirement of cleanliness. Regular cleaning regimens are crucial in discouraging parasites as they flourish in dirty and chaotic settings. Start by making sure that all areas of your home, including cooking areas, washrooms, and living spaces, are maintained tidy and cost-free of crumbs, spills, and garbage. Food needs to be saved in impermeable containers, meals washed quickly, and garbage can secured firmly. Pay unique attention to locations that are usually forgotten, such as behind devices, under sinks, and in storage areas.


In addition to routine cleaning, it is necessary to declutter your living space. Stacks of paper, boxes, and extra products produce hiding spots for insects and make it more challenging to discover an invasion. By maintaining your home tidy and organized, you not just minimize the risk of pests yet also develop a much healthier living environment for you and your household.




Usage Natural Bug Control Approaches



 


All-natural bug control techniques offer a much safer and extra sustainable approach to pest management contrasted to typical chemical pesticides. Furthermore, diatomaceous earth, a great powder made from fossilized algae, can efficiently control bugs like roaches, bed bugs, and fleas by dehydrating their exoskeletons - Exterminator DC.


Another natural strategy is introducing valuable pests like ladybugs or nematodes to combat hazardous insects in gardens or agricultural settings. These beneficial Learn More Here pests take advantage of bugs like aphids or caterpillars, minimizing the demand for chemical pesticides. Moreover, maintaining a diverse and balanced environment in your garden can naturally regulate parasite populaces by offering habitats for helpful killers.




Final Thought



Exterminator Near MeBed Bug Treatment
By frequently examining your home, getting rid of food sources, securing access factors, and practicing good sanitation routines, you can stop parasites from attacking your room. Making use of natural bug control methods can likewise assist in maintaining your home complimentary from harmful chemicals.

 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15